Prequel novels usually exist to fill a gap. Catalyst exists to make an argument, and the argument is that the Death Star was not built by villains. It was built by a talented physicist who was managed, flattered, isolated and funded by a man who understood exactly which reassurance to offer at which moment.
The long con
Orson Krennic is the best thing Luceno has ever written. He is not a mastermind and he is not sadistic; he is a mid-career administrator with a superb instinct for what people need to hear, running a decade-long recruitment operation on a friend. He rescues the Ersos, then houses them, then employs them, then gives Galen a research programme so beautiful that questioning it would feel like ingratitude. By the time Galen understands what his sustainable-energy work is for, the understanding is worthless.
Galen and Lyra
The novel’s intelligence is in splitting the perception. Galen is exactly the sort of person who does not notice a cage if the equipment inside it is good enough. Lyra notices immediately, and cannot prove anything, and is repeatedly and reasonably talked out of what she can see. Reading her be right and be dismissed for two hundred pages is genuinely uncomfortable, which is the intended effect.
The kyber problem
Luceno uses the crystals to connect the superweapon programme to the thing the Jedi held sacred, and it is the rare piece of continuity-knitting that adds moral weight rather than trivia. Stripping Jedha for kyber is an act of desecration long before it is an act of engineering, and Rogue One is a substantially heavier film if you have read this first.
Has Obitt
The smuggler who carries the outsider viewpoint, and the mechanism by which the Ersos eventually get out. He is the most conventional element in the book and the least necessary, though he does give Luceno a way to show the Empire’s resource extraction from ground level.
Where it strains
It is a slow book, deliberately, and the first hundred pages are almost entirely people being polite to each other in laboratories. Luceno’s prose is dry even by his standards. And the ending is a handoff rather than a resolution, because the film is the resolution.
Who should read it
Watch Rogue One, then read this, then watch it again. It is functionally the film’s first act and it is better written than anything else in the canon publishing line about how an empire acquires its expertise.