Mace Windu is a human male Jedi Master and senior member of the Jedi High Council, described by the StarWars.com Databank as "a grim Jedi Master with an amethyst-bladed lightsaber" who served as "the champion of the Jedi Order." He is 1.92 metres tall, was introduced in Star Wars: Episode I The Phantom Menace (1999), and is played by Samuel L. Jackson.
The homeworld question
Canon has not established it, so this entry leaves the field blank. Matthew Stover's Legends novel Shatterpoint (2003) named it Haruun Kal, a jungle world whose native Korunnai are Force-sensitive, and elements of that world — including its capital, Pelek Baw — have since been referenced in canon material. A dash in the table here means not confirmed by a canon source, not nobody ever said.
He was right
The Databank's summary is unambiguous: during the Clone Wars he "sensed dark side forces at work and grew increasingly suspicious of Chancellor Palpatine." He was the one Council member who reached the correct conclusion in time to act on it, and the reward for being right was to be thrown out of a window.
He was also wrong
"He is too dangerous to be left alive!" — the line he says with the Chancellor disarmed at his feet, moments before Anakin takes his arm off. Whether Mace is protecting the Republic or abandoning the Order's own law is the single most argued-over decision in the prequels, and the film is careful not to resolve it. What is beyond argument is that his judgement in that room is what hands Palpatine his apprentice.
The distance from Anakin
He never trusts Anakin, refuses him the rank of Master, and uses him as a spy on the Chancellor while telling him nothing. Read charitably, he is the only Jedi who correctly reads the danger. Read uncharitably, he creates it. Both readings are supported by the same scenes, which is why the character has aged far better than the trilogy's reputation.
Shatterpoint
Stover's novel remains the best prose anyone has written about him — a genuinely bleak Clone Wars book, structured after Heart of Darkness, in which Mace goes home to a guerrilla war his own Order helped start. It is Legends, and it is essential.
Vaapad and the purple blade
Jackson famously asked for a distinctive blade colour, which is why the character carries the saga's only amethyst lightsaber. Legends built an entire combat philosophy around it — Form VII, Vaapad, a style that channels the user's own darkness — and that framing has coloured how readers interpret the arrest scene ever since.
Continuity
Canon and Legends. The films are shared; the interiority, the homeworld and the fighting style are largely Legends inventions that canon has drawn on selectively.